Proceedings of 1999 SACCR
Workshop
The Impact of Technology on Teaching, Learning, and
Research
in the 21st Century Community College
Patricia
Windham
The purpose of this workshop was to initiate a discussion among
conference participants on the impact of technology on teaching, learning, and research in
the community colleges of tomorrow. The workshop, designed and led by Dr. James Morrison,
used a small-group format of not over eight people in a group. Groups were given the
following tasks:
- List information technologies that currently exist (or that are on
the horizon) that could affect community colleges tomorrow
- Identify and describe the most critical technologies for (A)
teaching and learning, and (B) institutional research
- Select one technology tool, and identify the implication of this
tool for (A) teaching and learning, and (B) institutional research
- What strategies can we use to remain on the cutting edge of
technology?
Group activity focused on the first three questions; time ran out
before we could adequately address the fourth question. This report summarizes the common
themes based upon the lists developed by each group during the workshop and concludes with
the proceedings of each group as they addressed the questions posed above.
The tools identified in the first task included such items as zip
drive, Web TV, Internet, satellite, DVD, laptops, and compressed video. The groups then
moved into discussions of the use of technology on campus and related concerns. These were
grouped into the areas of administration and instruction.
Examples of administrative uses included:
- Data warehousing/data mining (IR functions)
- Model student success
- Student profiling
- Costs analyses
- Web-based surveys
- Web-based national data sets
- On-line student services
- On-line registration
- Financial aid
- Advising
- Transcripts
- Marketing
- Library
- Events scheduling
- Information sharing
Related administrative concerns:
- Electronic security
- Start-up costs
- Adequate/up-to-date equipment
- Student retention in new environment
- Competition from other educational entities
Examples of Instructional uses included:
- Distance learning
- Anytime student interaction (not limited to DL courses)
- Chat-rooms
- E-mail
- Tele conferencing
- Expands access to information
Related instructional concerns:
- On-line testing
- Security of test items
- Response validity/ID test taker
- Loss of personal interaction (student/teacher)
- Faculty development
- Plagiarism
Below are the specific proceedings of each small group. The first
area is information technologies that currently exist (or are on the horizon) that could
affect community colleges tomorrow. The lists have not been unduplicated among groups. It
was felt the overlap would highlight which technologies are making the most impact at the
college level.
Group 1 | Group
2 | Group 3 | Group 4 | Group
5 | Group 6
Current information technologies:
Group 1 Technology
- Statewide Delivery System for D.L
- Electronic Presentations / Delivery Stations
- Networking Electronic Data Bases and Responses
- Super On-Line Educational Data Base with Analysis Software Built
In; In Austin, TX
- Relational Data Bases
- Video On Demand
Lecture on Demand
Digital
- Multimedia
Virtual Reality
- Web Based Courses
- Voice-Activated PC
- Zip Drive
- Web TV
- T1 Line
- Wireless Technology
- Robotics (Internet 2)
- Virtual College
- Enhanced Security of Course Takers
- Alternate Learning Materials to Accommodate Learning Styles
- Up-to-Date Technology
- Web-Based Surveys
- Satellite
- On-Line Registration
Group 2 - Technology
- Voice-activated PC
- Electronic Mail
- Video-on-Demand
- Alternate Learning Materials
- DVD
- Laptops
- Web-based Comparisons
- PD CD
- Zip Drive
- Security/Technology for Protection
- Web-based Surveys
- Cable/Tele-courses
- Compressed Video --GSAMS
- Simulations Thin Clients
- Smart Devices Internet II
- Optic Retina
- GSAMS
- Thin Clients
- Internet II
Group 3 - Technology
- CDs
- Internet I & II
- Web Pages - Based Courses / Technology / Services
- Availability of Technology Greater Band and Technology
Hardware
- Simulation
- Cable Services @ Between Campus
- Connectivity of Individual Learning
- Telecourses
- Satellite
- Chat Rooms
- Wireless / Portable PCs
- Video-in-a-Bag
- Compressed Video
- Web TV
- Net PC
- Data Warehousing
- GSAMS State Net T1 Lines
- Virtual Reality
- Scanning
- DVDs
- Security Devices (Optional Record)
- Voice Recognition
- Virtual Library
Group 4 - Technology
- Full Screen Video
- Simulation (Software, etc.)
- CD Rom
- Student Authentication Systems
- Distance Learning / virtual University
- Internet Two
- Virtual Libraries
- Chat Rooms
- Superstar Courses On-Line
- Compressed Video
- Electronic Mail
- Electronic Calendar (Web)
- Events Scheduling
- On-Line Registration
- (Shared) Net PC
- Electronic Database
- Video / Lecture Digital On-Demand
- Wireless Networking
- Voice Activated PC
- Telecourses
- Smart Devices
- Optic Retina Recognition
- Laptop
- Web Comparison Shopping
- Skill Performance Transcript
- Scanning
Group 5 Technologies
- Virtual Reality Classrooms / Library
- Web-Based Technologies
- Desktop Conferencing
- CD ROM (DVD ROM)
- Thin Clients
- Voice Recognition
- Satellite Technology
- Simulation
- Optic / Retina Recognition
- Ubiquitous Broadband
- Cell Phones
- Compressed Video
- Web TV
- Cable
- Increased Storage Capacity
- Artificial Intelligence (Expert Systems)
- Convenient & Secure money Transactions
- Secure Information
- Smart Devices
- Competency-Based Transcripts
- On-Line Data collection & Analysis
Group 6 - Technology
- Laptop Capabilities
- Web / DL Courses
- Satellite Communications
- Audio / Video / Two-way / Interactive completers
- Wireless
- Data Warehousing Capabilities
- Artificial Intelligence
- Web-Based Comparison Shopping
- Virtual University / College / Institutes
- Expert Systems
- Object-Oriented Systems
- Total Virtual Teaching
- Technology-Based "Texts"
- Utilization of "State of Art" materials / Courses
- Colleges As "Brokers" of Information
- DVD
- Two-way Student Information System (Tracking / Surveying)
- Universal ID Numbers
The second task was to identify and describe the most critical
technologies for (A) teaching and learning and (B) institutional research. This task was
interpreted more broadly than just institutional research by several groups and was
presented as the most critical technologies or technologically based issues for the
administrative and instructional sides of the house. Again there was overlap among the
groups.
Most Important Technology or Technological Issue:
|
Administrative |
Instructional |
Group 1 |
Data Warehousing/Data Mining |
Electronic Security |
Group 2 |
On Line Registration |
Interactive Distance Learning |
Group 3 |
Web Based On Line Student Services & Traditional
IR Functions |
Web Instruction |
Group 4 |
Events Scheduling |
Full Screen Video |
Group 5 |
Universal Access |
Web Based Instruction |
Group 6 |
Data Warehousing/Expert Systems |
Web Based Instruction |
The final task was to identify the implications of this
area for (A) teaching and learning, and (B) institutional research. Again, the different
groups took a broader view and did not limit themselves to just one tool. Rather they
tended to list implications and concerns for the areas they had identified in the previous
task.
Group 1 | Group 2 | Group 3 | Group 4 | Group 5 | Group 6
Implications and Concerns:
Group 1 Administrative - Data
Warehousing / Data Mining
- Model Student Success
- Identify Trends (National/Regional)
- Identify National Statistics
- Data Integrity Insured
- Cost
- Misuse!
- Marketing
- Student Profiling
- Mapping
Group 1 Institutions - Electronic Security
- On-Line Testing Problems
- 1. Secure Test Items
- 2. Response Validity \ ID Test Taker
- 3. Designated Proctor
- 4. Computerized Test Banks
- Faculty Ownership
- Chat Room Monitoring
- Competency-Based Measurements (Documents)
- Proctored Exams
- Better Exams (Not Regurgitation)
Group 2 - Administrative - On Line
Registration
- Technical Troubleshooting (A)
- In-service/Staff Development Training (Students, Faculty
& Staff) (A & B)
- Impersonal (A)
- Convenient/Immediate Feedback (A & B)
- Advisement (A)
- Efficient Use of Resources and Personal (A & B)
- Interactive Virtual Classes
- On-line Registration
- Wireless Networking
- Connectivity
Additional administrative areas that may share some of
these same concerns:
- Electronic Data Base Sharing
- Distance Learning
- Teleconferencing
- Web Conferencing
- Events Scheduling
Group 2 Instruction - Interactive Distance Learning
- Accreditation Issues (B)
- Accountability
- Student
- School (B)
- Financial Aid (A & B)
- Accessibility (A)
- Start Up Expense (A)
- Quality Instruction / Instructor (A)
- Adequate Equipment and Technical Support (A)
- Assessment/Evaluation (A & B)
Group 3 Administrative
On-Line Student Services and Traditional IR Functions
- Registration
- Financial Aid
- Advising
- Fee Establishment (In State, Out of State)
Additional administrative areas and the related concerns:
- Competency Based Transcripts
- Library/ Virtual/ Bookstore/ Web Textbooks
- Keeping the Technology needed for Budgeting
(Hardware/Software ) up to date
- Faculty Load / Salaries
- Marketing
- Security
- Research On Web Based / Traditional Instruction
Effectiveness Of Programs
- Accreditation / Program And Institution
- Training Users / Teachers
- Retention (Faulty / Students)
- Copyright (Intellectual Property) (IR On Web Instruction)
- Passing Certification Tests (Web Based/ Traditional
Instruction)
- Student Passing Courses
- Completion Rates (Course & Program)
- Course Constructed In Relation To Student Outcome
Assessments
- Employer/Graduate Follow-up
- Plagiarism
- Design Surveys (Teachers, Students, Employers, Graduates)
Group 3 Instruction - Web Instruction
- Available Anytime/To Anyone/Anywhere
- Less Cost To Deliver Instruction
- Costly Start-Up (Equipment, Instructional Design, Webmaster,
Personnel, Software)
- Enriches / Expands Learning Via Links To Information Content
- Security Needs (Voice, Retina)
- Faculty Load
- Loss Of Personal Interaction (Teacher / Student)
- Establish Interpersonal Contacts With Students / Teachers
Examples: Via Chart Rooms, E-Mail, Fax, Telephone,
Meetings, Sessions, and Telephone Conferencing
- Student Outcome Assessment (Locator, How, Type Of
Assessment, When Summative, Formative
Evaluation)
- Competition (Consumer Shopping For Cost / Length / Teacher /
Image From (Of) School
- Determine Appropriateness Of Courses / Labs
- Faculty Development For Web Instruction / Follow-up /
Management
Group 4 - Administrative Events
Scheduling
- Student convenience
- Individualized
- Timely Efficient
- Marketing Opportunity / Third Party
- Privacy Issues
- One-Stop Shopping
- Cost Issues
- Targeting
Group 4 - Instruction Full Screen Video
- Time / Place (Barriers) Can be Removed
- Provides On-Line Lectures
- Simulation, Video Tapes, Demonstrations
- Video Conferencing
- Bandwidth Requirements for Institution & Students
- Budget
Group 5 Administrative -
Universal Access (T1 Line)
Group 5 Instruction - Web Based Instruction
- Individual / Personal
- Opportunity for Intelligent Choices
- Less Face-to-face Human Interaction
- Quality Issues
Group 6 Administrative - Data
Warehousing
- Two-way Student Information System
- Colleges as Brokers
Group 6 Instruction Web Based Instruction
- Skill/ Performance / Competency (based transcripts)
- Security
- Virtual Classrooms
- Voice Recognition
- Internal Web-Based Technology
- Virtual College
- Skill / Competency Transcripts
- Web-Based Comparative Shopping
- Internet
- User Friendly / Intuitive
- Invisible
- University Accessible / Used
- Barriers Include:
- Money Hindrances
- Shelf Life / Half Life
- Low Touch / /Eliminate Human Connection
- Necessary / Continuous User Training
- Info-tainment
- Security / Ethics
- Information Literacy
- Erases Distinctions Between Educational Levels